Uses Of Sulfur
Catalina Island turns to energy storage to cut emissions
Southern California Edison is deploying an energy storage system on Catalina Island to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the island’s diesel generators.
With no tie to the mainland grid, Catalina Island relies on diesel generators to produce electricity. However, such generators aren’t ideal for managing power demand, which fluctuates throughout the day. By deploying stored energy during times of peak power demand, the one-megawatt Smart Grid SMS Storage Management System from S&C Electric Company will enable the island’s generators to run at a specific percentage of capacity for optimal performance and decreased carbon emissions.
The energy storage system uses built-in intelligence to control charging and discharging of sodium-sulfur batteries.
“Working with an islanded grid poses unique challenges for reliable power delivery,” said Thomas Barker, senior engineer at Southern California Edison. “Installing a comprehensive storage system helps us run more efficiently and reduce our emissions — all while effectively managing load changes to ensure consistent service for our 3,000 island residents plus the many visitors to the island.”
Energy storage systems are increasingly being deployed in both grid- and non-grid-connected parts of the world. S&C has installed 12 megawatts of sodium-sulfur battery storage throughout the US since 2006, and has another 12 megawatts planned for 2011. Among the completed projects are three of the world’s first islanding applications.
“Energy storage enhances utilization of renewable energy resources, and it reduces the need for fossil-fuel-fired generation to serve peak demand and maintain a stable grid,” said Jim Sember, vice president of power quality products at S&C.
Developing the UK’s smart-grid infrastructure will require communications and data technologies that can manage far more information than utilities must handle today. That’s the focus of a strategy report from Greenbang Research: “Enabling the UK’s smart-grid future: The wireless spectrum debate.” The report answers such questions as: Should Read more ...Uses Of Sulfur - News
Of all the solutions proposed by our readers, two seemed to provide reasonably consistent results: Dial antibacterial liquid body wash and sulfur-containing soaps. These treatments make sense from a scientific point of view, if the cause is bacterial
Japan, which uses 0.2%-0.3%-sulfur LSFO, has already been buying significant volumes from the small Asian-Pacific LSFO market, with much of the supplies coming from offshore storage in Malaysia. May fuel oil exports from Malaysia to Japan tripled from
Regarding new research projects that go beyond Li-ion batteries, little progress appears to have been made in relation to Li-Sulfur and Li-air batteries since my January 2010 presentation at the second LS&M conference in Las Vegas.
The energy storage system uses built-in intelligence to control charging and discharging of sodium-sulfur batteries. “Working with an islanded grid poses unique challenges for reliable power delivery,” said Thomas Barker, senior engineer at Southern
Dave Smith (UOP LLC): One recent trend on the treating of LPG streams is to utilize adsorbents as a trim to the Merox unit or other caustic extraction processes to reduce some of the sulfur species to even lower levels, thereby meeting new,
Docudharma:: Pique the Geek 20110626: Sulfur
Sulfur is one of the few chemical elements found in its pure state in nature. Consequently, it was known and used by the ancients. Many of those uses are still employed to this day, so it is a good thing that sulfur is rather common, at least locally. Historically, sulfur was mined near volcanic activity and thermal springs where it often occurs. In a few third world countries that is still a source of income for a significant number of people.
As the use of sulfur (mostly as sulfuric acid) increased in the 19th century, mining sulfur near volcanic regions could not keep up with demand, so new sources had to be developed. It was known that vast amounts of sulfur occur in association with salt domes in and near the Gulf of Mexico, but there was no way to mine it due to water and shifting sand. Thus, in 1894 a brilliant process was devised by German-American engineer Herman Frasch to solve the problem. In the Frasch Process , three concentric pipes are sunk to the sulfur deposit. Superheated water is then pumped betwixt the outermost pipe and the next one. Sulfur melts at 115 C, so water under pressure can be heated to high enough a temperature to melt it. However, sulfur is more dense than water so water pressure alone will not move it up the pipe. To solve that, compressed air is pumped down the innermost pipe which whips the sulfur to a froth. This is less dense than water, so the sulfur in pushed to the surface. When the air/sulfur/water mixture reaches atmospheric pressure, the water flashes to vapor, forcefully ejecting the sulfur from the pipe. The pipe is designed to send the sulfur to a collection area. Many tons per day can be extracted by this method.
These days, very sulfur is produced this way. The last Frasch plant in the United States closed in 2000. Sulfur now is almost exclusively produced as a byproduct from the desulfurization of oil and gas before using it as fuel. Because of the large amount of energy to heat the water that is required for the Frasch process, byproduct sulfur is cheaper, and besides the sulfur must be removed from the fuels anyway to avoid acid rain , formerly a serious problem in North America.
Sulfur, symbol S , atomic number ( Z ) = 16, is extremely common.